Buffalo State Asylum for the Insane

Now usually referred to as the H. H. Richardson Complex, the hospital buildings were designed in 1870 in the Kirkbride Plan by architect Henry Hobson Richardson. The complex consists of a central administrative tower and five pavilions or wards progressively set back on each side, for eleven buildings total, all connected by short curved two-story corridors. Patients were segregated by sex, males on the east side, females on the west. The wards housed mental patients until the mid-1970s. The central administration building was used for offices until 1994.